Post by : Mariam
Al-Faris
Chinese scientists have developed a new type of solar cell using tin that matches the efficiency of traditional lead-based cells while avoiding environmental and health risks. This breakthrough is a major step forward for clean energy.
The study, published in Nature, could help perovskite solar cells—a next-generation solar technology—become more common. Perovskite cells are known for their high efficiency and low production costs, but they usually contain toxic lead, which makes large-scale use dangerous.
The team from Fudan University created a lead-free version using tin. Their solar cell achieved a record 17.7% power conversion efficiency, the highest for tin-based perovskite cells so far.
Liang Jia, a co-author of the study, said, “Our goal was to make a solar cell that is truly green throughout its lifecycle.” Tin is abundant, safe, compatible with solar energy, and easy to produce in large quantities.
Previously, tin-based cells struggled because tin ions oxidize quickly and the interface between layers was unstable, limiting efficiency to below 10%. Liang’s team solved this problem by adding a molecular film that created a stable, uniform layer between the materials. This “superwetting” layer allows high-quality tin perovskite films to form with fewer defects.
Tin-based solar cells could also be cheaper than traditional silicon solar panels, making them more affordable for everyday use.
These eco-friendly solar cells can be used in many applications. They are ideal for building-integrated solar panels, wearable energy devices, car rooftops, and off-grid clean-power systems.
Liang explained that tin-based cells are especially safe for energy uses where people are in close contact, such as on clothing or portable devices.
This discovery represents a major advance for sustainable energy technology, combining high efficiency, low cost, and safety. Experts believe it will help accelerate the adoption of clean, green energy worldwide.
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